Nagpur
Nagpur is a district in the State of Maharashtra in India. It is located between North Latitude – 21°07'; East longitude – 79°07'.The town is dominated by the British fort built in 1818 on the twin hills of Sitabuldi in the centre of the city. It overlooks the civil lines on the west, the city proper on the east and north,and the suburb of Sitabuldi (Burdi) to the south. Northwest of the civil lines is the Gorewara reservoir with a dam 2,350 ft long. There are several fine old reservoirs (tanks) notably Shukrawari (Jumma) Talao, Ambazari and Telankhedi, and many parks in and around the city.
The surrounding region is an undulating plateau rising northward to the Satpura Range, from 889 to 2,142 feet (271 to 653 m) high and is drained by the Kanhan and Pench rivers in the center, the Wardha in the west, and the Wainganga in the east. Both these rivers later merge as tributaries into the Godavari river. The soil is fertile black (cotton) in the west and the north and alluvial in the east. The average annual rainfall is 45 inches, with more rain in the east than in the west. In the west, the hills are forested. In the northeast are the hills of Ramtek.
Area of the district is 228 sq km. Population (2001 Census) is 40,51,444.
History
1st to 5th CENTURY B. C:- In hills and hillocks of Hidimba Tekadi,40 Kms. From Nagpur near Mansar, pieces of Terracotta from Vakataka, Maruya and Shung periods have been obtained by Archaeologist, which indicates that Nagpur had a much more ancient and cherished history than assumed by the commoners.10th CENTURY A.D. :- The name Nagpur appear for the first time on record.
1702 A.D. :- Nagpur city founded by Gond King 'Bakht Buland Shah' of Devagad, on the banks of Nag River. That is why the city was named 'Nagpur'. He founded the city by joining 12 small hamlets formerly known as 'Rajapur Baraasa' or 'Barasa',
1706 A.D.:- The eldest son of 'Bakht Buland Shah', Raja Chand sultan ascended on the throne of Devagad in 1706 A.D. and he shifted his capital from Devagad to Nagpur. The contemporary Devagad was a small wooden fortress located 30 kms. away in Chhindwara Distt. The contemporary Devagad state included Nagpur, Bhandra, Seoni, Balaghat, Betul and Hoshangabad districts. Raja Chand Sultan initiated the construction of his fortress at Mahal. He constructed 3 kms. long wall around this fortress and for the first time laid the foundation of a planned layout for Nagpur city. He continuously ruled over and made an all out development of Nagpur for 33 years.
1742 A.D. :- After the death of Raja Chand Sultan at Nagpur, the city again went into obscurity and was gradually dominated by Bhonsle dynasty of Deor. In 1742 A.D. the Bhonsle King 'Raghuji Bhonsle'ascended to the throne of Nagpur in place of Gond king 'Raja Chand Sultan'. Nagpur became the Capital of Raghuji Bhonsle.
1765 A.D. :- Nagpur was burnt substantially in 1765 and again partially in 1811 by the marauding tribe pendharis. However, the development of city of Nagpur continued. Nawabpur, Old Mangalwari, Shukrawari Tank, Hansapuri, Jaripatka, Rajabaksha, Rambagh and Itwari areas where established and developed during Bhonsle period.
1817 A.D. & 1853 A.D. :- In the famous battle of Sitabuldi, the Marathas lost the fortress and the city to Britishers. Britishers became the undisputed rules and monarch of the area. Nagpur was ultimately incorporated into British residency in 1853 A.D.
1857 A.D. :- The effect of first freedom struggle was felt at Nagpur also. This laid down the foundation of many non violent, non co-operation movement.
1861 A.D. :- Nagpur became capital of Central provinces.
1864 A.D. :- The Municipality of Nagpur was established.
1867 A.D. :- Between Nagpur to Mumbai, a new British train route - 'Great Indian Peninsula (G.I.P) 'railway' was laid down which transformed the future of Nagpur for good. The first train steamed out of the city in 1867 A.D.
1891 A.D. :- On 28th December 1891, the seventh all India Congress Session was organized at Lalbagh locality at Nagpur, in which the famous from Chennai P. Anandacharlu presided.
1899 A.D. :- The great plague strikes and takes a heavy toll in Nagpur.
1901 A.D. :- The foundation of Cotton market was laid. The C. P. Club was also founded.
1905 A.D. :- Indora was founded.
1911 A.D.:- Punjabi line was founded. The English daily 'The Hitvada' was founded.
1912 A.D. :- Foundation Stone of Vidhan Sabha was laid.
1920 A.D. :- 35th all India Congress session was held for the second time at Nagpur for which a new colony Congress nagar was laid down near Dhontoli park. In this session over 60 thousand Congress representative attended. The session was presided over by Shri. Jamnalal Bajaj. He openly supported Mahatma Gandhi as the undisputed leader of the union.
1923 A.D. :- Nagpur University was founded To mark the all India 'Jhanda Satyagrah Aandolan' a protest rally was also organized at Nagpur in which Pt. Nehru and Rajrishi Tondon participated.
1924 A.D. :- The foundation of Ramdaspeth was laid.
1925 A.D. :- The foundation of Lashkari bagh was laid.
1929 A.D. :- The foundation of New colony was laid.
1930 A.D. :- The foundation of Dhantoli was laid.
1934 A.D. :- Gondawana Club was founded and Hindi 'Navbharat' was launched.
1936-1938 A.D. :- The 'Hindustani Lal Sena' was found.
1940 A.D. :- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose's 'Forward Block Party' organized its second all India session at Nagpur.
1942 A.D. :- Nagpur participated in 'Bharat Chodo Aandolan' in which Maganlal Bagdi's Lal sena actively participated. He was imprisoned and the freedom fighter Shankar was hanged.
1947 A.D. :- The country got its freedom from the British yoke and Nagpur also participated in this celebration. All India Radio Station was founded at Nagpur.
1950 A.D. :- Nagpur declared as the capital of Madhya Pradesh.
1951 A.D. :- The Nagpur Municipality was converted to Municipal Corporation. Same year, the foundation of 'Bhartiya Jansangh' was also laid.
1956 A.D. :- On present 'Diksha Bhoomi' Ground, Dr B. R. Ambedkar embraced Buddhism along with lakhs of his followers.
1957 A.D. :- On 17th Oct 1957, The 'Nag Vidharbha Andolan Samiti' was formed.
1958 A.D. :- The third all India session of congress party was organized at Abyankar Nagar in Nagpur.
1960 A.D. :- Nagpur city and district were transfered to Maharashtra State, as a part of state reorganization. Since the first session of the state legislature was organized at Nagpur, the city was assigned the status of the second capital to Maharashtra.
Politics
Assembly constituencies and their extent after delimitation order of 200848 Katol Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Narkhed Tehsil, 2. Katol Tehsil, 3. Nagpur (Rural) Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Wadi (Part A), Villages, Bandhara, Kavdimet, Sirpur, Bhuyari, Khairi, Amgaon, Dhaga, Bajargaon, Khapri, Shiwa, Sawanga, Wanjara, Pachnavari, Satnavari, Malegaon Kh, Malegaon Bk, Padri khapa, Mohgaon bk, Mohgaon kh, Dhamna, Linga, Pethkaldongari, Chandrapur and Vyahad.
49 Savner Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Kalameshwar Tehsil 2. Savner Tehsil.
50 Hingna Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Hingna Tehsil, 2. Nagpur (Rural) Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle-Bori, Wadi (Part B), Villages - Walani, Brahmanwada, Bailwada, Gumthala, Ghoghali, Lonare, Bhokara, Chakkikhapa, Bharatwada, Khandala, Pardi, Ashti, Borgaon, Mahurzari, Pithesur, Godhani (Railway), Fetari, Gonhi, Yerla, Chicholi, Bodhala, Lava, Khadgaon, Drugdhamna, Surabardi, 3. Wadi (CT), 4. Davlameti (CT), and 5. Sonegaon (Nipani) (CT).
51 Umred Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC) - 1. Bhiwapur Tehsil, 2 Umred Tehsil 3. Kuhi Tehsil.
52 Nagpur South West Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Nagpur Tehsil (Part), Nagpur (M. Corp) (Part) – Ward No. 12 to 16, 43 to 51, 79 to 82 and 103 to 105.
53 Nagpur South Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Nagpur Tehsil (Part), Nagpur (M. Corp) (Part) – Ward No. 9 to 11, 37 to 42, 73 to 78, 99 to 102 and 120.
54 Nagpur East Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Nagpur Tehsil (Part), Nagpur (M. Corp) (Part) – Ward No. 6 to 8, 28 to 36, and 67 to 72.
55 Nagpur Central Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Nagpur Tehsil (Part), Nagpur (M. Corp) (Part) – Ward No. 66, 92 to 98, 109 to 119 and 121 to129.
56 Nagpur West Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Nagpur Tehsil (Part), Nagpur (M. Corp) (Part) – Ward No 1, 17 to 21, 52 to 59, 83 to 87, 106 to 108 and 999.
57 Nagpur North Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC) - Nagpur Tehsil (Part), Nagpur (M. Corp) (Part) – Ward No. 2 to 5, 22 to 27, 60 to 65 and 88 to 91.
58 Kamthi Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Kamthi Tehsil, 2. Mouda Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Khat and Mouda and 3. Nagpur (Rural) Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Nagpur.
59 Ramtek Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Parseoni Tehsil, 2. Ramtek Tehsil and 3. Mouda Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Nimkheda.